pits) and Noisy-le-Sec (p. 377) to Bendy (p. 396), and by the tramway from the
Square du Temple to Noisy-le-Sec. More to the S. lie Bagnolet (8799 inhab. ;
tramway from the Place de la République to Fontenay-sous-Bois), near
which are the hamlet of Les Bruyères and the Château de Malassis.

13. Eastern Quarters.

The principal attraction of the region lying to the E. of the inner
boulevards is the Cemetery of Père-Lachaise. The nearest stations, on the
Métropolitain are in the Avenue Philippe-Auguste, not far from the main
entrance to the cemetery (p. 238). and the Avenue de la République (Stat.
Père-Lachaise; in the direction of the Porte de Vincennes as far as the
Place de la Nation, where we change trains, and then in the direction of
the Porte Dauphine), see the Appx., p. 28. It may also be reached by
Electric Tramway (Place de l'Opera-Bondy, see Appx., p. 35) to the Boule-
vard de Ménilmontant, a few hundred yards to the X. of the main entrance.
— The restaurants near the cemetery are inferior.

The shortest route from the Boulevards to Père-Lachaise is
afforded by the Avenue de la République (Pl. R, 27, 30), which
was begun under Napoleon III. and finished in 1892. It crosses
the N. end of the Boulevard Richard - Lenoir (p. 72), passes the
Ecole Supérieure de Commerce (1S98) and the Lycée Voltaire, and
ends at the Boulevard Ménilmontant, near the main entrance to the
cemetery.

The Boulevard Voltaire (Pl. R, 26-29; III), which also begins at the
Place de la République, leads to the Place de la Nation (p. 246). At its
intersection with the Boul. Richard-Lenoir stands the Monument Bobillot,
erected to the memory of French soldiers killed in Tonkin in 1883-85,
with a bronze statue, by Aug. Paris, of Sergeant Bobillot, who fell at
Tuyen-Quan. — A little farther to the S.E. in the Boul. Voltaire rises the
handsome Romanesque church of St. Ambroise (PL R, 29), erected by Ballu
in 1863-69. The façade is flanked by two towers.

Farther on is the Place Voltaire (Pl. R, 29), with the Mairie of the 11th
Arrondissement and a bronze statue of Ledru-Rollin (lS0r-74), 'the organiser
of universal suffrage1, by Steiner. — The Square Parmentier (Pl. R, 29) is
embellished with several statues, viz. The Conqueror of the Bastille, by
Choppin; The Straw-binder, by Perrin; and Non omnes morimur, by Pezieux.

The Rue de la Roquette (Pl. R, 25, 26, 29) leads from the Place Voltaire
to Père-Lachaise. The Prison de la Roquette, which was once used as a
pleasance by Henri H. and Henri IV., and became known later on as the
place where prisoners condemned to death awaited their execution, was
pulled down in 1599. Up to that time public executions took place opposite
the prison, and the stones on which the guillotine was erected may still
be seen, opposite No. 143. — On 24th May, 1871, during the Communard
'reign of terror', the Prison de la Roquette was the scene of the murder of
the venerable Mgr. Darboy, Archbishop of Paris, the President Bonjean.
the Abbé Deguerry, and three other priests, who had been seized by the
Commune as 'hostages'. This was followed by a general massacre of those
who had been imprisoned by the Commune, among whom were several
gendarmes. — At No. 34, Rue de la Roquette, is a house dating from 1377.

Pere-Lachaise (Pl. R, 32), or the Cimetiere de l'Est, the largest
and most interesting of the Parisian burial-grounds (see pp. 211,
327), is named after Lachaise, the Jesuit confessor of Louis XIV.,
whose country-seat occupied the site of the present chapel. In 1804
the ground was laid out as a cemetery, the precincts of which have