behind is the goddess of Abundance. In 1660, after the conclusion
of the Peace of the Pyrenees, Louis XIV. received the homage
of the Parisians on a throne erected here, and from that event the
'place' derived its former name. The two Pavilions surmounted by
lofty columns, which were erected here by Ledoux on the site of
the old Barrière du Trône in 1788 (comp. p. 235), are adorned with
bas-reliefs by Desboeufs and Simart and surmounted with bronze
statues of St. Louis, by Etex, and Philippe Auguste, by Dumont.

The Foire au Pain d'Epices, or 'gingerbread fair', held in the Place
de la Nation and in the Cours de Vincennes during three weeks after
Easter, always presents a very lively scene.

Tramway-lines run from the Place de la Nation as follows: TC to
the Bastille and Vincennes (see below); TAB to St. Augustin, Père-Lachaise,
and La Villette; TS9 to the Place Valhubert (Jardin des Plantes) and Mon-
treuil (p. 252), see the Appx., p. 32. Métropolitain, see Appx., pp. 26, 38.

The broad roads which radiate from the Place de la Nation are,
in addition to the Rue du Faubourg-St-Antoine: the Cours de Vin-
cennes, leading to Vincennes (see below), the Avenue Philippe-Auguste
(p. 246), the Boulevard Voltaire (p. 237) and Diderot (p. 176), and
the Avenue du Bel-Air, which joins the Avenue de St. Mandé.

The Métropolitain makes the entire circuit of the Place de la Nation
underground. From the Avenue de Taillebourg (p. 246) it runs round the
monument of the Republic, and after passing by the two columns follows
the Boul. de Charonne, rejoining the Ligne Circulaire Nord at the station
of Avron. Another cross-line on the S.W. connects the Circulaire Nord
with the line No. 1 at the entrance to the Boulevard Diderot. Finally,
under the Cours de Vincennes (see above) are sidings with four lines of
rails arranged under double arches of 24 yds. span. — The terminus of
the Ligne Circulaire Sud (from the Place d'Italie) will also be situated
near the Place de la Nation.

To the S. of the Place, Rue de Picpus 35, is the convent-church of the
nuns of the Sacré-Cœur and the Adoration Perpétuelle. At the end of
the garden is the Cemetery of Picpus (Pl. G, 31 ; adm. 50 c), which con-
tains the tombs of members of some of the oldest families in France.
In one corner is the tomb of Lafayette (d. 1834). At the end is the
'Cimetière des Guillotines', where 1340 victims of the Revolution, ex-
ecuted at the Barrière du Trône in 1794, are interred. Their relations
who include the families of La Rochefoucauld, Gouy d'Arcy, etc., obtained
burial-places in the same spot. — To the S. of the Cours de Vincennes is
the Rue Michel-Bizot, with the new Hôpital Trousseau (Pl. G, 34).

14. Vincennes.

The Château being closed to the public, the principal attraction in this
neighbourhood is the Bois de Vincennes. The nearest stations are Vincennes
on the N. or Charenton on the S., accessible by the Métropolitain, by tram-
way, steamboat, or by the Chemin de Fer de Vincennes which connects
with the Petite Ceinture (see p. 248).

Of the above routes the 'Métropolitain' is the most rapid from
anywhere W. of the central quarters of the city; its terminus lies
close to the Porte de Vincennes (Pl. R, 34 ; see Appx., p. 36). About
300 yds. farther on, beyond the barrier, is the Paris-Métropolitain
station of the Chemins de Fer Nogentais (see Appx., p. 35); visitors